In Zagreb, capital of Croatia, is the world - renowned policlinic SUVAG,
where doctors have been dealing with deaf children and children that
have problem with speech for forty years. The program of the cochlear
implant rehabilitation of deaf children in Croatia is a world example
of success. The key event was a nationwide action "Let them hear".
It all started when children of war veterans gave up Christmas gifts
in favor of deaf children and their rehabilitation. This led to expansion
of the action on a national scale, where everybody took part, from the
president and the prime minister to pop stars and ordinary workers.
All citizens of Croatia joined in with their effort and donated money
through phone calls. Rehabilitation of each child costs $ 30.000 and
in this donating action they gathered 2,1 million US dollars, which
is enough for rehabilitation of all deaf children in Croatia.
As Professor Mladen Lovriæ from policlinic SUVAG
said, deafness presents a double problem, problem with hearing and problem
of speaking. Research shows that deaf child needs an operation as soon
as he reaches two years of age. That enables him normal integration
in everyday life.
After the operation rehabilitation is needed and that usually takes
two years. It is the hardest at the beginning, because sound is something
completely abstract to a deaf child. Rehabilitation starts with vibration
table, which vibrates at the sound, so that the child detects sound
with his whole body. A person hears with its whole body and this fact
is used very well at the rehabilitation. Every sound is connected with
a body gesture. For instance children are standing on the chairs with
headphones and when the teacher covers her mouth and calls Ivan in the
microphone, he jumps from the chair and says "Ivan's here".
Children between ten and fifteen are also practicing a theatre performance
by the book Little Prince. As their teacher says, rhythm of body language
and rhythm of speaking language are identical. Furthermore speaking
language follows body language and that is why children are energetically
gesticulating words as they are loudly pronouncing words.
In policlinic there is an elementary school, where class runs normally
with slight technical adjustments, like headphones and microphones.
In this way children are preparing themselves for a regular school and
most of them continue successfully in secondary schools and colleges.
Damir lost his hearing when he was fifteen and
got his cochlear implant recently at the age of twenty six. Now he can
hear, but he graduated at college for engineering completely deaf. Currently
he is studying in Trieste, Italy for his PhD. He is doing research on
cochlear implant and digital processing of sound and its transfer to
the hearing nerve. He said, that he expected to hear normally again
after the surgery, but he was disappointed. All he could hear was noise.
It took some time for him to notice that noise is changing at certain
sounds.
Hearing with a cochlear implant is not like our normal hearing, so patients
have to learn from the scratch how words sounds like. Usually takes
between one to two years before a patient can hear good enough to understand
speech by telephone. The technique of cochlear implant is incredibly
successful and it brought a lot of hope to people who suffer from deafness.
At this stage it can not help deaf people which have a damaged inner
ear. It needs to be said that this technique has been practiced for
just a few years and has not use all of its potential yet. Similar concept
of artificial stimulation of nerves is explored by science dealing with
blindness. Today we can say that when modern science and modern medicine
join their effort, the result is almost science fiction.
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